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#刚果 #喀麦隆 #中非 #非洲
喀麦隆和刚果民主共和国（DRC）均未采取足够措施来改善对无监管金矿开采的监督和管理。\n\n在刚果民主共和国和喀麦隆，金矿开采收入正日益绕过官方金库。2021年至2025年间，有44吨喀麦隆黄金被走私至迪拜，而官方申报的仅为148公斤，导致34亿美元的资金外逃。这种做法不仅导致两国税收流失，还助长了当地的冲突与动荡。\n\n在喀麦隆，无有效采矿权证的黄金开采者数量不断增加，导致了环境退化和社会紧张局势加剧。这也演变成一个政治、经济和外交问题。\n\n3月，该国黄金矿工工会透露，近200个矿点被中国公民非法开采，这反映出国家控制力的薄弱。腐败也是一个因素，许多中国公司受到喀麦隆权贵阶层的庇护。\n\n当局近期已收紧对非法采矿的立场。4月，矿业部长Fuh Calistus Gentry敦促所有中国矿业运营商（无论是正规的还是非正规的手工采矿）遵守政府法规。若不遵守，将根据2023年12月生效的《矿业法》关闭违规矿场、吊销许可证并强制执行环境保证金。\n\n喀麦隆的东部大区和阿达马瓦大区集中了由外国投资者（其中许多是中国公司）运营的机械化金矿开采点。安全研究所（ISS）4月进行的实地研究发现，外国运营商通过喀麦隆籍的代持人获取采矿许可证。具有政治背景的喀麦隆商界人士、地方当局以及采矿业中间商为这一过程提供了便利。\n\n喀麦隆的手工金矿开采呈现出中国运营商与官方注册公司共同作业的特点。大多数矿场缺乏有效的国家监管、社区参与以及公平的利益再分配。
中文导读
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原文原文 / Original TextNeither Cameroon nor the DRC is doing enough to improve oversight and management of unregulated gold mining.
Gold mining revenues are increasingly bypassing official coffers in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and Cameroon. Between 2021 and 2025, 44 tonnes of Cameroonian gold were smuggled to Dubai, compared to only 148 kg officially declared, resulting in a US$3.4 billion capital flight. Besides causing both countries to lose revenue, this practice fuels local conflicts and instability.
In Cameroon, the rising number of gold miners operating without valid mining titles has led to environmental degradation and growing social tensions. It has also become a political, economic and diplomatic problem.
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In March, the country's gold miners' union revealed that nearly 200 sites were being operated illegally by Chinese nationals, showing the extent of weak state control. Corruption is also a factor, with many Chinese companies protected by powerful elites in Cameroon.
Authorities have recently hardened their position against illicit mining. In April, Mining Minister Fuh Calistus Gentry urged all Chinese mining operators, formal and informal (artisanal), to comply with government regulations. Failure to do so would result in the closure of non-compliant sites, revocation of permits, and enforcement of environmental bonds in line with the December 2023 Mining Code.
Cameroon's East and Adamawa regions are home to mechanised gold mining sites operated largely by foreign investors, many of them Chinese companies. Institute for Security Studies (ISS) field research in April found that Cameroonian frontmen were used to obtain mining permits for foreign operators. This was facilitated by politically connected Cameroonian business people, local authorities and mining sector intermediaries.
Artisanal gold mining in Cameroon is characterised by Chinese operators working alongside officially registered companies. Most sites lack effective state regulation, community involvement and equitable benefit redistribution.
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来源：AllAfrica (https://allafrica.com/)
原文链接：https://allafrica.com/stories/202607080473.html
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发表于 2026-7-8 01:46:45