【全非资讯·西非】West Africa

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每年，西非都要向海外汇出超过35亿美元用于购买大米——这是该地区数百万民众每天食用的主食。然而，这种农作物完全能够在当地茁壮生长。\n\n扩大国内生产是加强粮食安全、创造就业机会、增加农村收入以及降低对动荡的全球大宗商品市场依赖的重要机遇。\n\n西非拥有广袤的可耕地、丰富的水资源以及延续数个世纪的水稻种植传统。然而，长期以来在生产力、加工基础设施以及连接农民与消费者的市场纽带方面投资不足，导致西非的大米产业未能发挥其全部潜力。\n\n2023年，西非国家经济共同体（西共体）成员国生产了近2400万吨大米，但为了填补供应缺口，又进口了1000万吨。\n\n投资大米的经济意义远超粮食安全本身。农业吸纳了西非的大部分劳动力，如果得到充分支持，从种子、耕作到运输、碾米和零售的大米产业链，可以在整个农村经济以及年轻人进城寻找工作的城市中创造就业机会。\n\n在世界银行粮食系统韧性计划、比尔及梅琳达·盖茨基金会及其他合作伙伴的支持下制定的《2025至2035年西共体区域大米路线图》表明，通过有针对性的市场驱动型投资，西非有望在2035年之前实现大米自给自足。如果各国能够缩小该地区巨大的单产差距，实现3400万公吨的大米产量是完全可能的.\n\n该路线图确立了12个高潜力生产盆地，在这些地区集中投资可以产生规模效应和显著的市场影响。马里、几内亚和塞内加尔等国已经展示了有针对性的灌溉和改良品种所能带来的成效，塞内加尔河谷的单产已达到世界主要水稻产区的水平。

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原文原文 / Original Text

Every year, West Africa sends more than $3.5 billion abroad to buy rice — a staple food that millions of people across the region consume every day. Yet, this is a crop that grows and thrives in the region.

Expanding domestic production is a major opportunity to strengthen food security, create jobs, boost rural incomes, and mitigate exposure to volatile global commodity markets.

West Africa possesses vast stretches of arable land, abundant water resources, and a deep tradition of rice farming stretching back centuries. However, a persistent failure to invest in productivity, processing infrastructure, and the market connections that link farmers to consumers is keeping West Africa's rice sector from reaching its full potential.

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In 2023, countries from the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) produced close to 24 million tons of rice but imported another 10 million tons to close the supply gap.

The economic case for investing in rice goes far beyond food security. Agriculture employs most of West Africa's workforce, and when properly supported, the rice value chain — from seeds and farming to transport, milling, and retail - can create jobs across rural economies and into the cities, where young people go to search for work.

The ECOWAS Regional Rice Roadmap for 2025 to 2035, developed with support from the World Bank's Food Systems Resilience Programme, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and other partners, shows that West Africa can achieve rice self-sufficiency by 2035 through targeted, market-driven investment. Reaching 34 million metric tons of milled rice production is possible if countries close the region's large yield gap.

The Roadmap identifies 12 high-potential production basins where concentrated investment can generate scale and measurable market impact. Countries such as Mali, Guinea, and Senegal are already showing what targeted irrigation and improved seeds can do, with the Senegal River Valley reaching yields comparable to the world's leading rice-producing regions.

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来源：AllAfrica (https://allafrica.com/)
原文链接：https://allafrica.com/stories/202606230616.html
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