【全非资讯·西非】 非洲：棉农有望通过土壤碳信用增加收入

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#西非 #非洲

一项在乌兹别克斯坦进行试验的计划可能让非洲棉农获得双重收益，一次是出售纤维所得，另一次则是凭借其农田土壤中储存的碳获利。\n\n棉花一直以来都是根据农作物的收获量向农民支付报酬。它的下一笔收益可能来自于留在土壤中的东西，因为非洲农场中固定的碳很快就会成为可交易的资产。\n\n符合条件的农民除了农作物本身的售价外，每公顷还可多赚多达200美元，在西非的一些地区，这笔收入甚至可以与农作物的收获收入相媲美。\n\n这一倡议由国际棉花咨询委员会（ICAC）提出。该机构是一个总部设在华盛顿的组织，负责协调产棉国和消费国的棉花政策。\n\n4月30日，该委员会宣布了一项计划，旨在根据种植者的固碳情况而非纤维产量向他们支付报酬，前提是他们改变耕作方式。这意味着要种植覆盖作物、减少翻耕，并将生物炭施入田间。\n\n生物炭是一种碳化的有机物，即植物废弃物在受控条件下燃烧，直到其停止轻易分解。将其施入土壤中，可以在数年内将水分和碳固定在地下。结合减少翻耕（常规翻耕通常会将埋在底部的碳暴露在空气中并使其逸失），这种组合方式比传统耕作方法能在地下保留更多的碳。\n\n该拟议模式将棉秆和其他符合条件的农业残留物转化为生物炭和堆肥，然后再将其施回农田土壤中。

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原文原文 / Original Text

A scheme tested in Uzbekistan could let African cotton farmers earn twice over, once for the fibre and once for the carbon stored in the soil beneath their fields.

Cotton has always paid farmers for what they harvest. Its next payout may come from what stays in the soil, as carbon held on African farms could soon become a tradeable asset.

Farmers who qualify could earn up to $200 a hectare on top of whatever the crop itself fetches, a sum that in parts of West Africa can rival the harvest income it sits on.

The bid comes from the International Cotton Advisory Committee (ICAC), a Washington body that coordinates cotton policy across producing and buying nations.

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On April 30th it announced a plan to pay growers for carbon rather than fibre, provided they change how they farm. That means planting cover crops, cutting back on ploughing, and working biochar into their fields.

Biochar is charred organic matter, plant waste burned under controlled conditions until it stops breaking down easily. Worked into soil, it holds water and carbon in place for years. Paired with less ploughing, which normally exposes buried carbon to the air and lets it escape, the combination keeps more carbon underground than conventional farming does.

The proposed model would convert cotton stalks and other eligible agricultural residues into biochar and compost, which would then be returned to agricultural soils.

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来源：AllAfrica (https://allafrica.com/)
原文链接：https://allafrica.com/stories/202607300097.html
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