【全非资讯·埃塞俄比亚】 非洲：埃塞俄比亚能否编织非洲

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#埃塞俄比亚 #东非 #非洲

随着非洲寻求从其自然资源中获取更多价值，埃塞俄比亚正在构建非洲大陆最具雄心的从棉花到服装的价值链。通过将农民、研究人员和制造商联系起来，该国正在展示棉花如何推动工业化、创造就业机会并加强区域贸易。\n\n埃塞俄比亚阿法尔州盖瓦内（GEWANE）报道 - 随着第一缕阳光洒满埃塞俄比亚阿法尔州广袤的平原，Yossef Tewelde在挂满准备采摘的白色棉桃的棉田垄间缓缓步行。清晨的空气已经开始变暖，灌溉水渠在他多年来赖以生存的田地旁闪闪发光。\n\n对Yossef来说，棉花不仅仅是又一种农作物。它支付学费、购买食物，并代表着他希望能够延伸到农场之外的未来。\n\n棉花是我们家庭的主要收入来源，他轻轻剥开一个成熟的棉桃说道。当雨水准时降临，我们能够买到改良种子时，产量就会很好，我们就能支付学费并维持家庭生计。但当降雨不稳定或买不到优质种子时，我们的产量就会急剧下降。我们相信，如果农民能获得更好的灌溉、研究支持和稳定的市场，埃塞俄比亚拥有生产更多棉花的土地和气候条件。\n\n他的棉花有一天可能会被纺成纱线、织成布料、缝制成服装，并在非洲及其他地区的市场出售。但这段旅程取决于价值链上的每一个环节，从农民和研究人员到加工商、制造商和出口商。\n\n几十年来，埃塞俄比亚一直在投资建设这条价值链，力求将自己从原棉出口国转型为非洲领先的纺织品和成衣制造中心之一。根据埃塞俄比亚投资委员会（Ethiopian Investment Commission）的数据，该国拥有约三百万公顷适宜棉花种植的土地、充足的劳动力、具有竞争力的能源成本以及不断增长的工业基础设施，这为其建立具有全球竞争力的从棉花到服装的产业具备了诸多必要要素。\n\n这些优势有助于吸引国际纺织制造商入驻Hawassa、Bole Lemi、Adama、Kombolcha和Mekelle的工业园，使埃塞俄比亚成为非洲新兴的成衣制造中心之一。\n\n但建设工厂只是问题的一个方面。贸易援助基金会（Aid by Trade Foundation）的“非洲棉花”（Cotton made in Africa）项目研究显示，尽管埃塞俄比亚拥有约三百万公顷适宜棉花种植的土地，但实际投入生产的只是一小部分。许多农民仍然面临获得改良种子、灌溉、技术推广服务和稳定市场的困难，这限制了生产力和纤维质量。

Africa: Can Ethiopia Weave Africa




原文原文 / Original Text

As Africa seeks to capture more value from its natural resources, Ethiopia is building one of the continent's most ambitious cotton-to-clothing value chains. By linking farmers, researchers and manufacturers, the country is demonstrating how cotton can drive industrialisation, create jobs and strengthen regional trade.

GEWANE, Afar Region, Ethiopia - As the first rays of sunlight spread across the vast plains of Ethiopia's Afar Region, Yossef Tewelde walks slowly between rows of cotton plants heavy with white bolls ready for harvest. The morning air is already warming, and irrigation canals glisten beside the fields that have sustained his family for years.

For Yossef, cotton is more than another crop. It pays school fees, buys food, and represents a future he hopes will extend far beyond his farm.

"Cotton is our family's main source of income," he says, gently pulling open a mature boll. "When the rains come on time and we can access improved seed, production is good and we can pay school fees and support our household. But when rainfall is erratic or quality seed is unavailable, our yields fall sharply. We believe Ethiopia has the land and climate to produce much more cotton if farmers receive better irrigation, research support and stable markets."

His cotton could one day be spun into yarn, woven into fabric, stitched into garments and sold in markets across Africa and beyond. But that journey depends on every link in the value chain from farmers and researchers to processors, manufacturers and exporters.

For decades, Ethiopia has invested in building that chain, seeking to transform itself from an exporter of raw cotton into one of Africa's leading textile and apparel manufacturing hubs. According to the  Ethiopian Investment Commission , the country has around  three million hectares suitable for cotton cultivation , abundant labour, competitive energy costs and growing industrial infrastructure, giving it many of the ingredients needed to build a globally competitive cotton-to-clothing industr

Those advantages helped attract international textile manufacturers to industrial parks in Hawassa, Bole Lemi, Adama, Kombolcha and Mekelle, positioning Ethiopia as one of Africa's emerging apparel manufacturing hubs.

But building factories is only one part of the equation. Research by  the Aid by Trade Foundation's Cotton made in Africa  programme shows that although  Ethiopia has around three million hectares suitable for cotton cultivation , only a fraction is under production. Many farmers continue to face challenges accessing improved seed, irrigation, extension services and stable markets, limiting both productivity and fibre quality.

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来源：AllAfrica (https://allafrica.com/)
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