【全非资讯·尼日利亚】 尼日利亚：Boko Haram审判低效且存在缺陷

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#尼日利亚 #西非 #非洲

**优先起诉严重国际犯罪，确保审判公正可信**\n\n（Abuja，2026年7月22日）—— Human Rights Watch今天表示，尼日利亚当局对Boko Haram嫌疑人的起诉并未推动针对严重国际犯罪的司法公正，因为这些案件仍主要针对低级别嫌疑人，并引发了对审判公正性的严重担忧。\n\n2026年4月8日，尼日利亚当局启动了涉及500多名被告的第九阶段恐怖主义审判。第十阶段于6月15日开始，涉及约600名被告。被控向Boko Haram等武装组织提供物质支持等相关罪行的低级别嫌疑人占了法庭待审案件的大多数，而对严重国际犯罪最主要责任人的起诉并未被优先考虑。此外，司法程序似乎也存在证据不足的问题。\n\n\"尼日利亚当局应当追究Boko Haram和安全部队所犯暴行责任人的法律责任，但他们却在无法实现正义的审判中，反复起诉那些与最严重犯罪仅有微弱联系的人，\" Human Rights Watch尼日利亚研究员Anietie Ewang表示。\"起诉应针对更高级别的犯罪分子，并符合公正审判的标准，以确保对双方的暴行进行问责。\"\n\n最近几个阶段的审判于4月8日至11日以及6月15日至18日在Abuja的联邦高等法院进行，10名法官在不同的法庭同时审理案件。Human Rights Watch于4月9日、10日以及6月17日、18日旁听了其中五个法庭的庭审，监测了有关审判的报道，并采访了一名参与诉讼的政府官员。Human Rights Watch还致函参与审判的有关政府机构，包括联邦司法部等。\n\n在给Human Rights Watch的回信中，公诉处长表示，尼日利亚的起诉方法旨在平衡应对\"恐怖主义\"的需要与\"维护法庭上面对审判的每个人的宪法权利\"的必要性。回信进一步强调，该办公室旨在起诉支持网络——包括资金、后勤、招募和物质支持——作为其所谓的\"旨在打击和瓦解恐怖网络的国际公认战略\"的一部分。\n\n据媒体报道，在4月份为期4天的庭审中，法官裁定386名被告犯有与恐怖主义相关的罪行，包括参与Boko Haram针对平民的袭击，并判处5年监禁至无期徒刑不等的刑罚。在公诉处长于回复中指出继续起诉不符合司法公正利益的案件中，法官释放了8名被告，并宣告另外2人无罪。法院随后宣布休庭。

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伊旺 (Ewang) 表示：“在这些审判启动八年多之后，最近的诉讼程序仍然暴露出实质性和程序性缺陷。如果尼日利亚当局 (Nigerian authorities) 认真对待实现真正的正义，他们就应该纠正这些不足，优先对严重的国际罪行进行可信的调查，并提供能够在公正可信的审判中经受司法审查的强有力证据。”



原文原文 / Original Text

Prioritize Serious International Crimes, Ensure Credible Trials

(Abuja, July 22, 2026) - The Nigerian authorities' prosecution of Boko Haram suspects does not advance justice for serious international crimes, as the cases continue to target primarily low-level suspects and raise significant fair trial concerns, Human Rights Watch said today.

On April 8, 2026, the Nigerian authorities began the ninth phase of terrorism trials involving more than 500 defendants. The tenth phase began on June 15 with about 600 defendants. Lower-level suspects accused of offenses related to providing material support to armed groups, such as Boko Haram, dominate the court's docket, while prosecution of those most responsible for serious international crimes are not being prioritized. The judicial proceedings also appear to be based on evidence insuffici

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"Nigerian authorities should hold those responsible for atrocities by Boko Haram and security forces to account, but they repeatedly prosecute people with tenuous connections to the most serious crimes in trials that don't deliver justice," said Anietie Ewang, Nigeria researcher at Human Rights Watch. "Prosecutions should target higher level offenders and meet fair trial standards to ensure accountability for atrocities by both sides."

The recent phases of the trials were held at the Federal High Court in Abuja from April 8 to 11 and June 15 to 18, with 10 judges hearing cases simultaneously in separate courtrooms. Human Rights Watch observed proceedings in five of these courtrooms on April 9 and 10 and June 17 and 18, monitored reporting on the trials, and interviewed a government official involved in the proceedings. Human Rights Watch also wrote to relevant government institutions involved in the trials, including the Feder

In its response to Human Rights Watch, the director of public prosecutions said that Nigeria's approach to prosecutions aims to balance the need to confront "terrorism" with the imperative to "preserve the constitutional rights of every person before the courts." The response went on to emphasize that the office aims to prosecute support networks--including financing, logistics, recruitment, and material support--as part of what it calls "an internationally recognized strategy for disrupting and

According to media reports, during the 4 days of trial hearings in April, the judges found 386 defendants guilty of terrorism-related crimes, including participation in Boko Haram attacks on civilians, and ordered sentences ranging from 5 years to life in prison. The judges discharged eight defendants in cases in which the director of public prosecutions, in his response, indicated that continuing the prosecutions would not serve the interests of justice and acquitted two others. The court adjou

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