【全非资讯·肯尼亚】 肯尼亚：高等法院判定鲁托

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#肯尼亚 #东非 #非洲

内罗毕报道 - 肯尼亚总统威廉·鲁托（William Ruto）旨在成立总统特别工作组对该国公共债务进行法务审计的计划遭遇重大挫折，高等法院宣布该机构违宪，因为它侵犯了独立宪法办公室的职权。\n\n劳伦斯·穆甘比（Lawrence Mugambi）法官在周四发布的判决中裁定，于2024年7月5日通过第8261号宪报通知发布的2024年第4号行政命令违宪，并认定总统超越了其宪法权力，所成立的工作组其职能与宪法规定的独立办公室职能重叠。\n\n起诉人辩称，该行政命令建立了一个平行机构，来承担已指定给宪法办公室的职责。他们还主张，该工作组的成立缺乏公众参与，且其成员的任命未能符合有关任人唯贤、透明度和包容性的宪法要求。\n\n政府为该行政命令进行了辩护，坚称总统是在其宪法职权范围内行事，旨在建立一个咨询机构，以支持行政部门进行政策制定、协调和政府职能的实施。\n\n然而，穆甘比法官认为，虽然总统享有广泛的行政权力，但这些权力并非绝对的，必须在宪法设定的界限内行使。\n\n法官强调，所有行政行为均须接受司法审查，并必须遵守宪法原则，他引用了宪法第2、129、131、132、165和259条。\n\n他还指出，合法性原则要求包括总统府在内的每个公共机构，只能行使宪法明确授予的权力。

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原文原文 / Original Text

Nairobi — President William Ruto's bid to establish a Presidential Task Force to conduct a forensic audit of Kenya's public debt has suffered a major setback after the High Court declared the body unconstitutional for encroaching on the mandate of an independent constitutional office.

In a judgment delivered on Thursday, Justice Lawrence Mugambi ruled that Executive Order No. 4 of 2024, published through Gazette Notice No. 8261 on July 5, 2024, was unconstitutional, finding that the President exceeded his constitutional authority by creating a task force whose functions duplicated those of an independent office established under the Constitution.

The petitioners argued that the Executive Order created a parallel institution to undertake responsibilities already assigned to a constitutional office. They also contended that the task force was established without public participation and that the appointment of its members failed to meet constitutional requirements on merit, transparency and inclusivity.

The government defended the Executive Order, maintaining that the President was acting within his constitutional mandate to establish an advisory body to support the Executive in policy formulation, coordination and the implementation of government functions.

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However, Justice Mugambi held that while the President enjoys broad executive authority, those powers are not absolute and must be exercised within the limits set by the Constitution.

The judge emphasised that all executive actions are subject to judicial scrutiny and must comply with constitutional principles, citing Articles 2, 129, 131, 132, 165 and 259 of the Constitution.

He further observed that the principle of legality requires every public office, including the Presidency, to exercise only those powers expressly granted by the Constitution.

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