【全非资讯·东非】Sudan:

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Washington——美国国会目前正在审议两项关于 Sudan 的法案：参议院的《2026年防止外来侵略与冲突升级（PEACE）法案》（Preventing External Aggression and Conflict Escalation (PEACE) in Sudan Act of 2026）以及众议院的《美国参与苏丹和平法案》（US Engagement in Sudanese Peace Act）。Human Rights Watch (HRW) 表示，“通过推动此类立法，国会可以在应对 Sudan 的人权危机中发挥至关重要的作用。”\n\n本周，由 Human Rights Watch (HRW) 驻 Washington 机构的 Nicholas Freund 撰写的一份声明指出，“这些法案包含了几项积极的倡议，但在问责方面应该更进一步”。声明强调，该组织已记录了 Rapid Support Forces (RSF) 和 Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) 双方广泛存在的虐待行为，包括两派对平民的袭击、RSF 实施的广泛性暴力，以及 RSF 在 West Darfur 进行种族清洗的证据。\n\n“尽管美国政府已针对 Sudan 采取了重要步骤，包括对冲突双方实施制裁，但美国政府与国际社会一样，未能施加足够的压力以阻止暴行并改善人道主义状况。两项法案都加强了美国政府对冲突的应对，包括强化目前空缺的 Sudan 特使的作用，并使美国能够制裁那些在冲突中实施虐待行为的责任人。”\n\n声明强调，HRW 一直敦促联合国安理会授权在 Sudan 部署平民保护特派团，并指出众议院的立法授权美国政府支持在 Sudan 部署联合国、非洲联盟或多国部队。\n\nHRW 表示：“两项法案还将要求美国政府确定外国

中文导读

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两项法案还将要求美国政府查明外国政府在**苏丹 (Sudan)** 的活动，以及这些活动是否违反了**联合国 (UN)** 武器禁运。**人权观察 (HRW)** 表示，众议院法案将禁止向任何向**快速支援部队 (RSF)** 或**苏丹武装部队 (SAF)** 提供武器的政府出售主要国防设备，除非出于国家安全原因予以豁免。

鉴于越来越多的证据表明苏丹快速支援部队（RSF）已从阿拉伯联合酋长国（UAE）获得军事支持，以及人权观察组织（Human Rights Watch）最近的调查结果显示一家总部位于阿拉伯联合酋长国（UAE）的公司雇佣了哥伦比亚（Colombian）私人军事承包商，这些承包商在阿拉伯联合酋长国（UAE）军事基地接受训练后被部署到苏丹（Sudan）以支持苏丹快速支援部队（RSF），这些提议是值得欢迎的。



原文原文 / Original Text

Washington — The US Congress is currently considering two bills on Sudan: the Preventing External Aggression and Conflict Escalation (PEACE) in Sudan Act of 2026 in the Senate and US Engagement in Sudanese Peace Act in the House of Representatives. Human Rights Watch (HRW) asserts that "by pushing for such legislation, Congress can play a vital role in responding to the human rights crisis in Sudan."

A statement this week, penned by Nicholas Freund of the Human Rights Watch (HRW) Washington agency, points out how "these bills contain several positive initiatives but should go further on accountability," and emphasises how the organisation has documented widespread abuses by both the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) and the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF), including attacks against civilians by both groups, widespread sexual violence by the RSF, and evidence of ethnic cleansing by the RSF in West Darfu

"Although the administration has taken important steps on Sudan, including sanctions on both parties to the conflict, the US government has failed, along with the international community, to apply sufficient pressure to stop the atrocities and improve humanitarian conditions. Both bills bolster the US government's response to the conflict, including by reinforcing the role of the special envoy on Sudan, which is currently vacant, and enabling the US to sanction those responsible for abuses in th

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It underscores that HRW has consistently urged the UN Security Council to authorise the deployment of a civilian protection mission in Sudan, pointing out that the House's legislation authorises US government support for a United Nations, African Union, or multinational force in Sudan.

"Both bills would also require the US government to identify foreign governments' activities in Sudan and whether they are in violation of the UN arms embargo. The House bill would ban the sale of major defence equipment to any government supplying weapons to the RSF or SAF, unless waived for national security reasons," HRW says.

"These are welcome proposals given the growing evidence that the RSF has received military support from the UAE and recent Human Rights Watch findings that a UAE-based company hired Colombian private military contractors that trained at UAE military bases before deploying to Sudan to support the RSF.

"Congress should enhance accountability measures in the bills to ensure the US government plays an active role in seeking a comprehensive approach to accountability in Sudan. Congress should direct the administration to support ongoing investigation efforts of serious international crimes, including support to the collection and preservation of evidence for future accountability processes to advance justice for victims.

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